Immediately move the tting against the heater faces, apply the Initial Heat Force see tting label , and start the heat time. Apply the Initial Heat Force until melt is rst observed on the crown of the pipe main Initial Heat is the term used to describe the initial heating bead-up step to develop a melt bead on the main pipe and usually is 3 to 5 s and then reduce the force to the Heat Soak Force Bead-up force see tting label.
Quickly check for a complete and even melt pattern on the pipe main and tting heated surfaces no unheated areas. This step usually requires an assistant to handle the Flexible Heat Shield. When a melt bead is rst visible on the main all around the heating tool faces, in a quick continuous motion, release the Initial Heat Force, raise the tting slightly, remove the Flexible Heat Shield, move the tting against the heating tool face, apply Initial Heat Force and start the heat time.
When a melt bead is rst visible all around the tting base usually about 3 to 5 s immediately reduce applied force to the Heat Soak Force usually zero. IPS, 2 in. IPS mains, and on pressure or non-pressure 3 in. IPS and larger mains. Look for a 1 16 in. NOTE 9During heating, hold the heating tool in position by lightly supporting the heating tool handle. If not supported, the heating tool can slip out of position or displace the main or tting melt and result in a poor joint.
A mirror may be needed to check the bottom of the tting. Fusion Force adjustment may be required during Cool Time, but never reduce the Fusion Force during cooling. If the melt patterns were not satisfactory or if the fusion bead is unaccept- able, cut off the saddle tting above the base to prevent use, relocate to a new section of main, and make a new saddle fusion using a new tting.
NOTE 10These procedures are based on tests conducted under con- trolled ambient temperature conditions. Environmental conditions on a job site could affect heating and cooling times. Regardless of job site conditions or ambient temperature, the prescribed heating tool tempera- ture is required. Do not increase or decrease the heating tool temperature.
When saddle ttings are fused to pipes that are under pressure, it is important that the surface melt be obtained quickly without too much heat penetration with out exceeding the time guidelines in Table 5. Otherwise, too much heat penetration could result in pipe rupture from internal pressure. There shall be three beads, a melt bead around the tting base, a bead on the main from the edge of the heating tool, and a main pipe melt bead.
The tting and pipe melt beads should be rounded and about 1 8 in. The heating tool edge bead should be visible all around the tting base, but may be separate from the main pipe melt bead.
To prevent use, cut the tting off at or just above the base. Keywords Polyolen Poly- ethylene pipes have reduced impact resistance in sub-freezing conditions. Avoid dropping pipe in sub-freezing conditions. When handling coiled pipe at temperatures below 40F 4. Gradually uncoil the pipe and cover it with dirt at intervals to keep it from recoiling. Always use caution when cutting the straps on coils of pipe because the outside end of a coil may spring out when the strapping is removed.
Shield the pipe fusion area and fusion tools from wind, snow, blowing dust, and rain by using a canopy or similar device. Regular procedures for preparation of surfaces to be joined, such as facing for butt fusion and roughening for saddle fusion shall be emphasized. After preparation, the surfaces shall be protected from contamination until joined. Contamination of the area to be fused will likely cause incomplete fusion. Frost and ice on the surfaces of the pipe to be clamped in either a cold ring or alignment jigs may cause slippage during fusion.
Inspect coiled pipe to see if it has attened during storage, which could cause incomplete melt pattern or poor fusion. It may be necessary to remove several inches at the pipe ends to eliminate such distortion. Pipe may have a slight toe-in or reduced diameter for several inches at the end of the pipe. The toe-in may need to be removed before butt fusing to a freshly cut pipe end, or to a tting.
Keep the heater dry at all times. Check the temperature of the heating tool regularly with a pyrometer or other surface temperature measuring device.
Keep the heating tool in an insulated container between fusions. Do not increase heating tool temperature above the specied temperature setting. Gas-red heating tools are used only in above freezing conditions.
This results in loose or slipping cold rings. For best results, clamp one cold ring in its normal position adjacent to the depth gage. Place shim material that is, piece of paper or rag, etc. The rst cold ring allows the pipe adjacent to the heated pipe to expand to its normal diameter during the heating cycle. This will make it easier to place the tting on the heating tool because ttings contract when cold.
At very cold outdoor temperatures particularly with IPS 2, 3, and 4-in. Longer heating times are used so that the pipe rst expands from tool heat to properly contact the heating tool, then develops complete melt. The length of time necessary to obtain a complete melt pattern will depend not only on the outdoor pipe temperature but wind conditions and operator variation.
Avoid cycles in excess of that required to achieve a good melt pattern. To determine the proper time for any particular condition, make a melt pattern on a scrap piece of pipe, using the heating time as instructed by the pipe manufacturer. If the pattern is incomplete be sure rounding rings are being used , try a 3 s longer cycle on a fresh cold end of pipe.
If the melt pattern is still not completely around the pipe end, add an additional 3 s and repeat the procedure. Completeness of melt pattern is the key. Check the temperature of the heating tool regularly and keep the heating tool in an insulated container between fusions. When the ambient temperature be- comes colder, it will require a longer heating time to develop an indication of melt and the nal bead size.
The pipe wall thickness and pipe diameter are primary factors to consider when determining the necessary heating cycle time. NOTE A1. The pipe is stiffer in cold temperatures and the OD of the pipe will shrink slightly, increasing the potential for slippage in the jaws. The melt beads formed against the heater surface during the heating soak shall be in accordance with Table 3. It is critical that the melt bead sizes specied in Table 3 be achieved. The melted surfaces shall then be joined as soon as possible, within the maximum times allowed in Table 4, so as to minimize cooling of the melted pipe ends.
Cool the joint per 8. Key concerns affecting the quality of cold weather fusion joints are incorrect heating time and application of pressure during heating soak and moisture contamination that could generate a weak fusion joint. Therefore strict adherence to the butt fusion guidelines and adequate butt fusion process controls are the primary means to minimize this probability. Correct shape of the nished bead, degree of bead rollover to the pipe surface and depth of the v-groove are key indicators see Fig.
When making a butt fusion joint with the ambient temperature is below 3F C , the pipe ends shall be pre-heated using a heating blanket or warm air device to elevate the pipe temperature to improve the heating starting condition. With pipe mounted in the fusion machine, an alternate method of pre-heating is to stop the pipe ends within. No modification of this Agreement will be binding, unless in writing and signed by an authorized representative of each party.
Assignment: Licensee may not assign or transfer its rights under this Agreement without the prior written permission of ASTM. We use cookies, including third party cookies, to provide you with the best possible browsing experience. To learn more about cookies and our privacy practices, please review our privacy policy with updates effective May 25, Access your content now. Standard Historical Last Updated: Jan 29, Language Select Language. Format Select Format. Price :.
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Prohibited Uses. Detection of Prohibited Uses. Note 1: '' The parameters and procedures shown for Section 8. The parameters and procedures shown in Section 9. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Select multiple 6. Heating with a thermometer or other built-in temperature indicating tool thermometers measure the internal temperature of the device.
This device indicates the internal temperature of the heating tool, which is typically higher than the surface tem- heating iron, which is usually higher than temperature of the perature of the heating tool faces. Use a pyrometer, or other temperature 7. If this does not surfaces within the pipe or fitting contact area. Select multiple remove the contamination, refer to X1.
An infrared 7. See Note 4. NOTE 2—A significant temperature variation, that is, cold spots, on the 7. Push the socket fitting onto 7. Procedure 1—Socket Fusion the preheated fitting tool face first, and then push the pipe into the pipe-side tool face until the rounding clamps make contact 7. Immediately insert the pipe straight into the socket of the heating tool faces.
An electrical tool shall have sufficient the fitting so the rounding clamp is flush against the end of the wattage and control to maintain the specified surface tempera- fitting socket. Hold or block the joint in place to cool for the ture of the tool faces. Both parts shall be made to such pattern at the end of the socket for a complete impression of the tolerances as to cause an interference fit.
Heating tool faces are rounding clamp in the melt surface. There shall be no gaps, produced to Specification F dimensions, and are coated voids, or un-bonded areas. Visually inspect and compare the with a non-stick material to keep melted pipe and fitting joint against recommended appearance guidelines see Appen- material from sticking to the face.
Allow the joint to cool an additional five 5 minutes 7. IPS 8—10 30 30 1 in. IPS 45 60 2 in. IPS 45 60 3 in. IPS 60 75 4 in. IPS 60 Heating times, dimensional changes, etc. Some have their own power supply and some. Sandpa- require a separate generator. They are available in a variety of per is not recommended for this purpose, as it might disintegrate and sizes to fuse pipe and tubing produced to ASTM and other contaminate the joint interface.
If roughening is performed, first clean the industry specifications. Once the pipe or fitting surfaces have been roughened and clean material has been exposed, NOTE 5—A facer is a rotating cutting device used to square-off the pipe water cannot be used to clean the pipe surfaces. Clean dust and particles or fitting ends to obtain properly mating fusion surfaces. If so equipped, from the roughened surfaces afterwards by cleaning the pipe or fitting facing should continue until a positive mechanical stop on the butt fusion ends with a clean dry lint-free, non-synthetic cloth such as cotton.
Procedure 2—Butt Fusion 8. This electrical tool shall have sufficient wattage and 8. It shall also be equipped with heater faces that are coated 8. For manually operated fusion machines, 8. A torque wrench may be used to apply the proper movable clamping fixture for aligning and holding each of the force.
Manual fusion without a torque wrench has been used two parts to be fused. This may or may not include the power successfully by many gas utilities. For hydraulically operated. See X1. A specified temperature pyrometer or other surface temperature measuring device should be used periodically to insure proper surface temperature of the heating tool faces.
Install inserts Install inserts Install inserts for the pipe OD or the fitting being fused. Electric power supply Electric power supply Check field generator for adequate power supply and fuel sufficient to complete the fusion joint.
Manual pressure Set facing pressure As required. Manual pressure Set fusion joining pressure Determine fusion joining pressure for the pipe OD and dimension ratio DR using 60 to 90 psi to kPa interface pressure.
Determine drag pressure Drag pressure is the amount of pressure required to get the carriage to move. Add this pressure to the theoretical fusion joining pressure to get the actual machine gage pressure to set. The fusion force debris from the facing operation by brushing away with a required is then divided by the total effective piston area clean, dry, lint-free, non-synthetic cloth such as cotton. The drag pressure PD is inspection of this operation should verify a square face, then added to the TFP to obtain the fusion machine gauge perpendicular to the pipe centerline on each pipe end and with pressure PG in psig required by the machine, see Eq 1.
TFP no detectable gap. PD is found by bringing the 8. If adjustment is needed, adjust the high side the pressure on the carriage until it starts moving. Back off the down by tightening the high side clamp. Do not loosen the low pressure until the carriage is barely moving and record the drag side clamp or slippage may occur during fusion. Re-face the pressure in psig. The equations used to calculate for the fusion pipe or fitting ends if excessive adjustment is required more machine gage pressure is shown below.
All pyrometers are fusion machine manufacturer sensitive to usage techniques. Interfacial pressure is not the gauge pressure. A contact with the heating tool at fusion pressure. On larger pipe sizes, 14 in. Remove all foreign matter circumference of the pipe or fitting before reducing pressure. If this does not remove the than 2 min on 36 and larger pipe sizes. Install the pipes or pressure to maintain contact, without force, while a bead of fittings being joined in the stationary and movable clamps of molten polyethylene develops between the heater and the pipe the butt fusion machine.
Leave enough pipe protruding through or fitting ends. For 14 in. IPS pipe sizes and larger, maintain the the clamps to allow for facing and clamp the pipe or fitting in heat soak for a minimum of 4. Pipes shall be aligned before the alignment s. Continue heating the pipe ends until the melt bead size has clamp is closed.
Do not force the pipe into alignment by developed against the heater face per Table 3. Licensee also agrees to waive any claim of immunity it may possess.
It supersedes all prior or contemporaneous oral or written communications, proposals, representations and warranties and prevails over any conflicting or additional terms of any quote, order, acknowledgment, or other communication between the parties relating to its subject matter during the term of this Agreement.
No modification of this Agreement will be binding, unless in writing and signed by an authorized representative of each party. Assignment: Licensee may not assign or transfer its rights under this Agreement without the prior written permission of ASTM.
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Standard Active Last Updated: Nov 01, Language Select Language. Format Select Format. Price :. International Standard Shipping International orders are delivered via courier post services which can be either a postal service, courier service, or a combination of both. Types of Licensees: i Individual User: a single unique computer, with an individual IP address; ii Single-Site: one geographic location or to multiple sites within one city that are part of a single organization unit administered centrally; for example, different campuses of the same university within the same city administered centrally.
Specific Licenses: i Individual User: a the right to browse, search, retrieve, display and view the Product; b the right to download, store or print single copies of individual Documents, or portions of such Documents, solely for Licensee's own use.
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